Polyps can be defined as benign tumors that can occur in different parts of the body. These structures, which cause abnormal growth in the region where they are formed, are called by different names according to the regions where they occur.
Endometrial polyps are polyps that develop inside the uterus. These benign tumors, which can cause excessive bleeding in menstrual periods, menstrual irregularity and bleeding disorder, can also prevent pregnancy formation. Endometrial polyps, which are among the diagnosable and treatable causes of female infertility, can occur for different reasons.
Being in the pre- or post-menopausal period, high blood pressure, obesity, drugs used in the treatment of cancer are factors that increase the risk of endometrial polyp formation.
Do Endometrial Polyps Cause Infertility?
“Women with suspected infertility should undergo a gynecological examination. Listening to their complaints and how long their symptoms have continued are important stages of the diagnosis and treatment planning processes.”
Tumors in the cervix or uterus do not always cause complaints. However, their location and size can trigger infertility along with different complaints. It is known that large polyps can prevent pregnancy by creating a mechanical effect.
It is known that 10 out of every 100 women experiencing infertility have endometrial polyps. Since they may not cause any symptoms, they can be detected by examination and diagnostic methods performed during infertility investigation. Polyps can prevent pregnancy by preventing the embryo from attaching to the uterus. They are thought to cause infertility, especially when they are larger than 2 centimeters. If their size is smaller than 2 centimeters, they do not have functions such as preventing pregnancy or causing abortion. The situation may change as the polyp grows.
How Is Endometrial Polyp Treatment Done?
For the diagnosis of endometrial polyps, gynecological examinations may not be sufficient, additional diagnostic methods may be required. Diagnosis is made by methods such as aqueous ultrasound and hysteroscopy. If the size of the polyps is small as a result of the diagnosis, they can be treated with progesterone. However, if its dimensions are large enough to prevent pregnancy, then surgery is considered.
Intrauterine benign tumors of women who want to become mothers are removed by hysteroscopy. Different advantages of hysteroscopy can be seen in women who are considering pregnancy with the IVF method. Cervical dilatation may facilitate embryo transfer, and in addition, the immunological mechanism may be triggered because the endometrium must be contacted for hysteroscopy.
